Asphalt Shingle Roof Installation: A Complete Guide

At Harvey Roofing & Construction, we help clients navigate the process of installing a new asphalt shingle roof. This guide will walk you through everything you need to know, from selecting the right shingles to understanding the installation process.

Understanding Asphalt Shingle Roofing

Asphalt shingles dominate the residential roofing market, accounting for 81% of the overall market in 2023. This popularity stems from their versatility, affordability, and effectiveness in protecting homes from the elements.

Types of Asphalt Shingles

There are two main types of asphalt shingles: three-tab and architectural. Three-tab shingles are flat, single-layer shingles with a uniform appearance. They offer the most economical option but have a shorter lifespan (15-20 years). Architectural shingles, also known as dimensional shingles, are multi-layered and offer a more textured, high-end look. They typically last 25-35 years and provide better wind resistance.

High-quality shingle brands like Malarkey and ATLAS offer superior durability and aesthetic options to suit various styles.

Advantages of Asphalt Shingle Roofs

Asphalt shingles offer numerous benefits for homeowners:

1. Cost-effectiveness: Prices range from approximately $2.50 to $5 per square foot for installation of standard shingle roof systems.
2. Quick installation: Often completed in 1-2 days for an average-sized home.
3. Versatility: Wide range of colors and textures to complement home exteriors.
4. Energy efficiency: Some manufacturers offer cool roof options that reflect more sunlight (potentially reducing cooling costs by up to 15%).

Durability and Lifespan

The lifespan of asphalt shingles has improved significantly over the years. While traditional three-tab shingles last 15-20 years, high-quality architectural shingles can last up to 30 years or more with proper maintenance.

Factors affecting durability include:

• Local climate
• Roof pitch
• Installation quality

In areas prone to severe weather, impact-resistant shingles provide extra protection. These shingles withstand hail and high winds, potentially qualifying homeowners for insurance discounts.

Regular maintenance significantly extends the life of asphalt shingle roofs. This includes annual inspections, prompt repairs of any damage, and keeping the roof clear of debris. With proper care, some high-end asphalt shingle roofs can last 40 years or more.

Sustainability Aspects

Asphalt shingles contribute to sustainability efforts in the construction industry. Approximately 10 million tons of asphalt shingles are recycled each year in the U.S., reducing landfill waste. This recycling process not only minimizes environmental impact but also supports the creation of new materials for road construction and other applications.

As we move forward to discuss the preparation for asphalt shingle installation, it’s important to consider these factors when choosing the right shingles for your home.

How to Prepare for Asphalt Shingle Installation

Proper preparation ensures a successful and long-lasting asphalt shingle roof. This phase involves careful assessment, informed decision-making, and selecting the appropriate materials.

Roof Assessment

A thorough evaluation of your current roof identifies underlying issues that need to be addressed before the new shingle roof system installation. Look for signs of water damage, sagging, or structural problems. The attic must also be checked for proper ventilation.  These factors significantly impact roof performance over time.

Professional roofers often use drones for comprehensive roof inspections. This technology allows for a safer and more detailed examination, especially for hard-to-reach areas. A recent industry report shows drone usage in roofing inspections has increased by 35% since 2020, improving accuracy and efficiency.

Selecting the Right Shingles

Choose appropriate shingles for your home by considering several factors:

1. Climate: Some impact-resistant shingles provide a Class 3 impact rating, while others carry Class 4, the highest possible rating against hail.
2. Energy Efficiency: Light-colored or cool roof shingles reduce heat absorption by up to 20%, lowering cooling costs.
3. Aesthetics: Different shingle colors and styles complement your home’s exterior. Many manufacturers offer virtual tools to visualize various options.
4. Warranty: High-quality shingles often come with extended warranties (some premium architectural shingles offer warranties up to 50 years).

Malarkey Vista AR shingles are known for their durability and innovative features. These shingles often incorporate technologies like algae-resistant granules to stop streaks from appearing and enhanced wind resistance.

Essential Tools and Materials

The right tools and materials ensure a smooth installation process. We utilize items such as:

• Roofing nail guns and air compressors
• Specialized hammers and pry bars
• Various power tools and saws
• Utility knifes and tin snips
• Chalk line and tape measure
• Ladders and lifts
• Safety equipment (harnesses, non-slip boots, gloves, eye protection)

For materials, we calculate the roof area in “squares” (100 square feet) and add 10-20% for waste depending on how complex the roof design is. Some of the most common components of the shingle roof system are coil roofing nails, ring shank cap nails, underlayment, metal drip edge, metal flashings, starter shingle strips, field shingles, and ridge cap shingles.

Professional Installation Considerations

While DIY installation might seem tempting, professional installation ensures proper technique and adherence to manufacturer specifications. Proper installation is important for warranty validation and optimal performance. Professional roofers have access to high-quality materials and specialized equipment, often resulting in a more efficient and durable installation.

As we move forward to discuss the step-by-step installation process, it’s important to keep these preparation steps in mind. Proper planning and material selection set the foundation for a high quality and successful asphalt shingle roof installation.

How to Install Asphalt Shingles

Asphalt shingle installation requires precision and attention to detail. The National Roofing Contractors Association reports that 60% of roof failures stem from poor installation or subpar materials. This chapter outlines the key steps for a successful installation.

Removing Old Roofing Materials

The process starts with the removal of old shingles and an inspection of the roof deck. Professionals strip off existing shingles and examine the wood deck for damage. Any rotted or weak areas must be replaced to ensure a solid foundation. This inspection often uncovers hidden issues, potentially saving homeowners from costly future repairs.

Installing Underlayment and Flashing

Next, installers apply underlayment and flashing. The underlayment acts as a secondary water barrier, while flashing prevents water intrusion at roof intersections and penetrations. The Asphalt Roofing Manufacturers Association recommends synthetic underlayments for their extremely high tear strength and durable construction compared to felt.

Proper Shingle Placement

Shingle placement begins at the roof’s edge with a starter shingle strip. This provides a properly placed sealant strip for the first course of shingles and helps prevent wind uplift. Installers then lay the first course, ensuring proper overhang at the eaves (typically 1/4 to 3/8 inch).

Subsequent courses are staggered to prevent water from seeping between the seams. The exposure (visible part of the shingle) should match the manufacturer’s specifications.

Nailing Techniques

Proper nailing is critical for shingle performance. The National Roofing Contractors Association states that incorrect nail placement causes up to 40% of roof failures. Professionals drive nails straight, with the head flush to the shingle surface, not overdriven or underdriven.

For standard shingles, installers use four nails per shingle. In high-wind areas, they may use six nails.  Harvey Roofing & Construction utilizes 6 nails per shingle for all shingle roof installations. The nail line on the shingle guides proper placement, usually 5 5/8 inches to 6 1/4 inches from the leading edge for most shingles.

Final Steps and Cleanup

The final steps include the installation of ridge caps and a thorough cleanup of the work area. Ridge caps are specialized shingles that cover the peak of the roof, providing a finished look and additional weather protection.

A thorough cleanup is essential not just for aesthetics but for safety. Stray nails and debris can cause injury. Professional roofers use magnetic sweepers to ensure no metal objects remain.

Post-installation, roofers conduct a final inspection to ensure all components are correctly installed and there are no visible defects. This inspection includes checks for proper shingle alignment, correct nail placement, and secure flashing.

The entire installation process for an average-sized home (about 2,000 square feet) typically takes 1 day with a professional crew. However, larger or more complex roofs may require additional time.

Final Thoughts

Asphalt shingle roof system installations require careful planning and precise execution. Each step, from removing old materials to final cleanup, impacts the roof’s performance and longevity. Professional roofers bring invaluable expertise to ensure high-quality installation, maintain warranty validity, and ensure long term roof performance.

Regular maintenance can maximize the lifespan of your newly installed asphalt shingle roof. Periodic roof inspections can identify minor issues before they escalate into major problems. Proper care and professional installation allow modern asphalt shingle roofs to protect homes for decades.

Your roof represents a significant investment in your home’s protection and value. Quality roofing materials and expert installation set the stage for a long-lasting roofing system. For professional asphalt shingle roof installation, Harvey Roofing & Construction stands ready to assist you with your roofing needs.